试论山东省工业与城镇发展布局

本文通过对山东省工业与城镇发展现状特征和存在问题的分析,阐述了工业与城镇发展的影响关系。提出了山东省工业与城镇发展的前景设想:伴随交通走廊的发展,全省将形成三横三纵的城镇网骨架;以中心城市为依托,将形成若干多种类型的工业综合体——城镇群;各地地方优势的不断发挥,使多数城镇职能结构趋于多样化;适应全省经济和社会发展需要,将形成大中小相结合的城镇体系;通过采取适当策略,逐步缩小地区间工业与城镇发展水平的差距。     

试论城市规划的系统本质

系统分析是一种解释性的,也是一种规定性的研究方法。本文运用系统分析,揭示城市规划的系统特性,阐释城市规划过程的本质,叙述了城市规划的系统分析技术。     

城市公用基础设施综合信息库

本文根据建立城市路面管理系统的成功经验，为配合适应现代化城市建设与发展的需要，不断提高城市公用基础设施的现代管理水平，提出了建立城市公用基础设施综合信息库的基本框架。     

21世纪日本国土规划的动向及启示

回顾了日本五次全国综合开发规划的发展演变历程 ,评介了“2 1世纪的国土总体设计”产生的背景和要点 ,以及近年来相应的行政改革措施和动态。日本新一轮国土规划注重区域间均衡发展 ,通过地方参与和区域合作的方式 ,保护地方文化特色、城镇个性、自然环境和历史环境 ,实现建设生活大国的发展目标。     

Experimental disclosure and its moderators: A meta-analysis.

Disclosing information, thoughts, and feelings about personal and meaningful topics (experimental disclosure) is purported to have various health and psychological consequences (e.g., J. W. Pennebaker, 1993). Although the results of 2 small meta-analyses (P. G. Frisina, J. C. Borod, & S. J. Lepore, 2004; J. M. Smyth, 1998) suggest that experimental disclosure has a positive and significant effect, both used a fixed effects approach, limiting generalizability. Also, a plethora of studies on experimental disclosure have been completed that were not included in the previous analyses. One hundred forty-six randomized studies of experimental disclosure were collected and included in the present meta-analysis. Results of random effects analyses indicate that experimental disclosure is effective, with a positive and significant average r-effect size of .075. In addition, a number of moderators were identified. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Canada's Medicare--At the crossroads?

Canadians' support for the underlying values and structures of medicare still remains extremely high, according to all recent public opinion studies. However, their confidence is being tested by the persistent advocacy that increased private-for-profit payment and delivery be introduced in order to guarantee medicare's future sustainability. Patience is further being challenged as the public eagerly awaits (but does not yet sees) productive reforms actually being implemented into the system. Delay erodes public support. Alternative "solutions" gain currency. Thus, the public-private debate must be engaged fully and emerge from the shadows of public policy so that Canadians can determine its efficacy and its compatibility with our society's values. Therefore, the long overdue reforms also need to be advanced. One of the most urgent reforms to medicare should address mental health needs and concerns, which I have described as being "an orphan of medicare." An essential first step would be to construct a basic platform of care and research on issues of mental health. This platform would provide necessary, immediate services for those in need and, at another level, would provide the impetus for further solutions to the wide-ranging needs in this field. Overall, the snail's pace of reforms has caused many Canadians to speculate that the future of medicare is at the crossroads on mental health policies and other issues, like accountability, quality, adequate reporting and health outcomes. The time to act is now. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychology and health.

This article traces the historical development of Canadian medicare and its significant influence on shaping not only the clinical services provided within Canada's public health care system but also its major impact on the nation's overall health research agenda. Particular emphasis is placed on how this has influenced the development and role of psychology in the public health care system. It is argued that all psychologists, whether their work is focused on the applied or experimental areas of the discipline, have much to offer Canadians across the entire health care spectrum. Nevertheless, psychological services in the public health care system, and particularly in hospitals, have mainly developed within and continue to be primarily focused around mental health. Services in nonmental health areas of health have been more limited, although their importance is well recognized. The current situation partly reflects the limited training in general health issues that clinical psychologists-in-training generally receive in many graduate school programs in Canada. However, it also reflects the overall influence of medicare on the development of Canada's health care system. Medicare has tended to focus the activities of Canada's health care system primarily on treating illness rather than on preventing it and/or maintaining health. Also, medicare has oriented Canada's health care system mainly toward delivering medical services rather than providing more comprehensive health services (e.g., the "medically necessary" criterion for funding). However, times are changing. The growing emphasis among health policymakers in Canada on illness prevention and health promotion (e.g., the creation of the federal government Public Health Agency of Canada in 2004) will significantly expand psychology's role across all areas of health. Psychology education and training programs are urged to seriously examine whether psychology practitioners and researchers are being adequately prepared at present for the much broader array of future interdisciplinary professional, research, and educational activities and responsibilities that will emerge. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Efficacy of a tailored tobacco control program on long-term use in a population of U.S. Military troops.

The authors evaluated the effect of a brief tailored smoking control intervention delivered during basic military training on tobacco use in a population of military personnel (N = 33,215). Participants were randomized to either a tobacco use intervention (smoking cessation, smokeless tobacco use cessation, or prevention depending on tobacco use history) or a health education control condition. Results indicated that smokers who received intervention were 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04, 1.30) times (7-day point prevalence) and 1.23 (95% CI = 1.07, 1.41) times (continuous abstinence) more likely to be abstinent than controls from smoking cigarettes at the 1-year follow-up (p p     

A model of stage of change to recommend colonoscopy among urban primary care physicians.

Theory is little used in the prediction of physician cancer screening stage of change. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the theoretical predictors of stage of change to recommend colonoscopy among 235 urban physicians. Constructs from the theory of planned behavior, social-cognitive theory, and the transtheoretical model were systematically tested. As predicted, contextual factors, such as the physicians' ages, their race-ethnicities, patient race-ethnicity, and office-related barriers to preventive care were associated with stage of change through self-efficacy, normative beliefs, and negative behavioral beliefs. The findings demonstrate the relevance of these models to studying the behavior of physicians and support the development of interventions that are tailored to normative beliefs and specific physician cognitions for colonoscopy recommendation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Personality traits, perceived risk, and risk-reduction behaviors: A further study of smoking and radon.

Personality traits and risk perceptions were examined as predictors of changes in smoking behavior. Participants (N = 697) were part of a randomized controlled trial of interventions to reduce exposure to the combined hazard of radon and cigarette smoke. Participants with higher perceived risk at baseline for the combination of smoking and radon were more likely to have a more restrictive household smoking ban in place at 12-month follow-up (p p p